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Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20875517     EISSN : 25274376     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.
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Articles 14 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 9, No 1 (2019)" : 14 Documents clear
Soil Arthropod Diversity and Composition Inhabited Various Habitats in Universitas Brawijaya Forest in Malang East Java Indonesia Leksono, Amin Setyo; Putri, Ninda Merisa; Gama, Zulfaidah Penata; Yanuwiyadi, Bagyo; Zairina, Anisa
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

A study on soil arthropod abundance, diversity and composition have been done on November 2016 to March 2017 using pitfall traps. The objective of this study is to analyze variations of the soil arthropod abundance, diversity and composition among different habitats in a university forest.  The study was carried out in Universitas Brawijaya Forest (UBF) Malang, East Java (7°49'S, 112°34'E, 1,200 m in altitude), consisted of four locations: an agroforestry (AF), a gallery forest (GF), the pine stands (PS) and a settlement yard (SY). At each site, a total of 10 traps (5 by 2 rows) were placed systematically at 4-m intervals. Glass cups (10 cm in diameter and 7 cm deep) were buried in the ground during 24 hours. There were 2286 individuals of arthropod collected from all sampling locations. Overall the samples collected consist of 41 families of arthropods. The abundance (mean ± SE) of soil arthropod was highest in PS and the lowest in SY. Statistically, variations in abundance among locations were significant (F = 7.39, p < 0.01). The taxa richness of arthropod was highest in GF and the lowest in SY. Statistically, variations in taxa richness among locations were significant (F = 4.26, p < 0.05).  The diversity was the highest in the GF (1.9 ± 0.1) lowest in the SY (0.74 ± 0.1). Statistically, variations in diversity among study sites were significant (F = 26.73, p < 0.001). In general, scavenger dominated the composition of soil arthropods. The highest proportion of scavenger abundance present in SY was 84.9%, while the lowest in the GF was 29.3%. The highest litter transformer composition in GF was 33.9%, and the lowest in SY was 8%. The highest decomposer in PS was 26.9% and the lowest in AF was 12.9%. The highest predator in AF was 20.7% and the lowest in SY was 1%. Compositions of soil arthropod were affected by environmental factors such as soil temperature and light intensity.
The Diversity of Endophytic Bacteria from the Traditional Medicinal Plants Leaves that Have Anti-Phytopathogens Activity Zam, Syukria Ikhsan; Agustien, Anthoni; Syamsuardi, Syamsuardi; Djamaan, Akmal; Mustafa, Irfan
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.09.01.8

Abstract

Endophytic bacteria live in plant tissues which utilized in plant protection against phytopathogens. This study aims to investigate the diversity of endophytic bacteria from the leaves of traditional medicinal plants that has anti-phytopathogens properties. Isolation of endophytic bacteria was done by spread plate method. The bacteria were characterised by Gram staining and the 16S rRNA gene analysis. Further screening of anti-phytopathogen activity used disc diffusion method for Ralstonia solanacearum, Xanthomonas campestris, Fusarium oxysporum, and Sclerotium rolfsii. All togethers, sixteen isolates of endophytic bacteria from the leaves of eight medicinal plants species were obtained. Fourteen isolates had an anti-phytopathogen (with eight isolates against R. solanacearum, seven isolates against X. campestris, nine isolates against F. oxysporum, and five isolates against S. rolfsii). From the 14 isolates identified, phylum Firmicutes were dominant (64.3%), followed by Proteobacteria (28.6%), and Actinobacteria (7.1%). Phylum Firmicutes consists of Bacillus indicus (BJF1, TCF1, and MCF2), Bacillus pumilus (CAF4), Bacillus sp. (CAF1), Bacillus subtilis (AAF2, MCF1, CAF3, and MCF3); phylum Proteobacteria consists of Pantoea agglomerans (CAF2), Pantoea stewartii (AAF4), Pseudomonas oryzihabitans (AAF3), and Pseudomonas psychrotolerans (AAF1); and phylum Actinobacteria consists of Kocuria kristinae (CSF1).
Ovitrap Index and Transovarial Transmission Rate of Dengue Virus of Male and Female Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes in Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia Juhdi, Isnadiyah; Fitri, Loeki Enggar; Zuhriyah, Lilik; Arasy, Andi Arahmadani
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (264.524 KB) | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.09.01.13

Abstract

The incidence rate (IR) of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in Indonesia has increased in recent years and still causes a health problem. Makassar, as one of the big cities in Indonesia, is also experiencing of DHF cases. According to the Health Office of Makassar City, DHF cases during 2014 – 2016 has increased from 139 to 250 cases. The defense mechanism of dengue virus in transovarial transmission from female mosquitoes to eggs is estimated to be one of the factors that increase the rate of DHF. In addition, the circulation of the Aedes aegypti mosquitoes can also affect the increase of the rate. This study aims are to identify ovitrap index and to find out how much the vertical transmission of dengue virus by measuring the minimum infection rate (MIR) and the distribution of four dengue virus serotype in Ae. aegypti mosquitoes in the city of Makassar, South Sulawesi, as well as their association with the incidence rate (IR) in the area. This observational research uses ecological study with cross-sectional approach. The samples of the study are male and female mosquitoes from Ae.aegypti eggs obtained from the installation of ovitrap  in 30 urban villages in Makassar. Dengue virus identification was performed using a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). These results showed that the ovitrap index (IO) was in the range of 0 - 66.7%. The average value of the ovitrap index outside the house (44.44%) was greater than inside house (37.22%). The results of identification of dengue virus using RT-PCR showed negative results as indicated by the non-formation of a band on 75 pools male and 78 pools female Ae. aegypti mosquitoes after electrophoresis. The results of this study indicated that the Ae. aegypti mosquito in Makassar City showed a tendency to lay eggs outside the house due to the habit of the people who put rain water shelters outside the house which could become breeding place for Ae. aegypti mosquitoes. This study also showed that there was no transovarial transmission of DENV found in male and female Ae. aegypti mosquitoes in Makassar City during November 2017 until January 2018.
Ambon Banana-Tree Sap stimulated Endothelial Cell Migration in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) Induced with Inflammatory Mediator IL-1 Wulan, Provisia Marthalita Yuning; Dorothy, Maria Juliana; Alinda, Resha; Sofiana, Kristianingrum Dian; Prihardina, Bunga; Permaasari, Nur; Widodo, M. Aris
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

Ambon banana-tree (Musa paradisiaca var.sapientum) sap (ABT sap) contains active substances that can stimulate the wound healing process such as: flavonoid, saponin, ascorbic acid. Those substances are needed in an important phase of wound healing called angiogenesis through activation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) pathway that stimulates actin reorganization in endothelial cell migration and proliferation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of banana-tree sap in stimulating cells migration, VEGF and nitric oxide (NO) level in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) culture that induced by pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1 (Interleukin-1). The ABT sap was obtained by pressing a fresh Ambon banana stem, then was mixed with culture medium into 0.125%, 0.25% and 0.5% concentration. The ABT sap then was used for treating HUVECs cell that induced by IL-1 200 ng/mL for 48-hours. The result of this study shows that Ambon banana-tree sap increased HUVECs cell migration. However, after 48-hours treatment with ABT sap showed no difference in the VEGF and NO level in the culture media. These results suggested ABT sap able to increase migration to HUVECs that promising for wound healing agent. Therefore, the further research to elucidate the detailed mechanism and identify the active compound warrant to be done.
Recollection and Taxonomic Placement of Alpinia apoensis (Zingiberaceae; Alpinioideae): An Imperfectly Known Philippine Endemic Species Naive, Mark Arcebal Kling; Dalisay, Jade Ann Grace; Bangcaya, Porferio; Alejandro, Grecebio Jonathan Duran
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (542.734 KB) | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.09.01.09

Abstract

A recent exploration on the Mt. Kalatungan Range Natural Park of Bukidnon and Mt. Madjaas of Antique resulted in the recollection of Alpinia apoensis. It is an endemic Zingiberaceae species of uncertain identity that was first collected and described by Elmer over 90 years ago. As there is no comprehensive revision of the family Zingiberaceae in the Philippines, it is meanwhile important to clarify its taxonomic identity. This study contributes a comprehensive description of the species leading to the determination of its sectional and subsectional placements. Information on its geographical distribution, phenology, ecology, and coloured photographs are also provided.
Microscopic-Based Trend in Imported Malaria among Workers of Trenggalek District Returning from Kalimantan Island, Indonesia During 2012 – 2016 Arwati, Heny; Kusmartisnawati, Kusmartisnawati; Yotopranoto, Subagyo; Hidayat, Poppy; Dachlan, Yoes Prijatna
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.09.01.14

Abstract

Malaria in Indonesia remains a significant health problem. Trenggalek District is one of the receptive malaria areas in East Java Province, Indonesia, with mainly imported malaria from outside Java Island. The people of this district accustomed to traveling to outside Java where malaria is endemic for temporary working purposes. Usually, they have acquired malaria infection in the areas where they worked and brought to their homeland during their return to the district. The number of imported malaria cases depend on the returning season of the workers. When no workers return from outside Java malaria case is zero. During the year of 2012-2016 microscopic examination of Microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained thick blood films of the workers have been done in the working activity of Pandean Primary Health Center on their arrival from Kalimantan Island either by active or passive case detection. Microscopically positive data were reported herein to describe the trend of imported malaria in the studied areas. A total number of malaria-infected workers were 118 cases. The trend towards increasing case number yearly between 2012 and 2013 being 1.35%, then decreasing between 2013 and 2016 to only 4 cases in 2016. Different patterns of imported malaria by month were seen in each year but no specific pattern throughout the year. The Plasmodium vivax infection was predominant every year and followed by Plasmodium falciparum and mixed infection of those two species. Trends of imported malaria cases in Trenggalek district were decreased and increased irregularly in each month yearly. However, the number of cases declined annually during 2013 – 2016. Antimalarial prophylaxis and insecticides prevent the workers from malaria infection.
Fecal Calprotectin Level of Breast Milk-Formula vs Formula Feeding in Preterm and Low Birth Weight Neonates with Necrotizing Enterocolitis Arisanti, Ditya; Wibowo, Satrio
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
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Abstract

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NE) is inflammatory disease and its prevalence was increase in preterm and low birth weight (LBW) neonates. This study was aimed to investigate the differences of fecal calprotectin level in breast milk-formula vs formula feeding infants in preterm and low birth weight neonates with necrotizing enterocolitis. There are 32 preterm and LBW neonates with NE were divided into two group (breast milk-formula and formula only feeding group). Fecal calprotectin level was measured using ELISA method. This study showed that fecal calprotectin level in breast milk-formula feeding group was insignificantly lower as compared to formula feeding group (independent t-test, p = 0.503). Further analysis showed that fecal calprotectin level was negatively correlated with patient’s outcome (Spearman correlation test, p = 0.03, r = 0.512). We concluded that fecal calprotectin level in breast milk-formula feeding group was insignificantly lower as compared to formula feeding only group in preterm and low birth weight neonates diagnosed with necrotizing enterocolitis. There was negative correlation between fecal calprotectin level and patient’s outcome.
IN VITRO EVALUATION OF FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING, FE2+ AND SNP-INDUCED LIPID PEROXIDATION (RAT BRAIN) ACTIVITIES OF METHANOLIC EXTRACTS FROM THREE (3) NORTHERN NIGERIAN PLANTS LEAF Akinsanmi, Augustina Oduje; Johnson, Omolara Titilayo; Longdet, Ishaya Yohanna; Aguiyi, John Chinyere
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.09.01.10

Abstract

Over the years research findings have shown that free radicals are the basis for many diseases. This study sought to investigate the free radical scavenging and inhibition of lipid peroxidation activities of some three Northern Nigerian plant leaf; Boswellia dalzielii Hutch. (Burseraceae) (BDL), Detarium microcarpum Guill. and Perr. (DML), and Daniellia oliveiri (Rolfe) Hutch. & Dalz (DOL). The study investigated both qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screening, free radical scavenging activities of 1, 1-diphenyl?2-picrylhydrazyl DPPH, total antioxidant capacity ABTS, hydroxyl, reducing property and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. All the seven phytochemicals screened were all present in both BDL and DML plant extracts but saponins and glycosides were absent in DOL plant leaf. The result revealed that BDL methanolic extract had the highest total flavonoid and phenolic content while BDL methanolic extract had the highest alkaloid content. DOL methanolic extract had the least content in all the 3 phytochemicals quantified. BDL methanolic extract had the highest free radical scavenging activity in 1, 1-diphenyl?2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Hydroxyl and reducing power assays. While DML methanolic extract, had the highest free radical scavenging ability in 2, 2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzazoline-6-sulphonic acid (TEAC) assays. The IC50 of BDL extract (12.37 mg/mL) was not significantly different (p > 0.05) from DML extract (10.39 mg/mL) in the Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation assay. While, the IC50 of DML extract (14.83 mg/mL) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the BDL extract (19.92 mg/mL) in the SNP-induced lipid peroxidation. The DOL extract had the least scavenging and peroxidative inhibitory activity in all the assays carried out.  We therefore concluded that the synergistic free radical scavenging activities and inhibition of lipid peroxidation of the three plants studied (especially, BDL and DML), provides a biochemical rationale for their usage as a medicinal plant.
EVALUATION OF SST-2 ROLE IN LVH REGRESSION OBTAINED IN HYPERTENSIVE MICE MODELS AFTER BLOCKING RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM Yusetyani, Lilik; Rofida, Siti; Lestari, Dian Yuliartha; Kurniawan, Wawan; Hijriani, Nursela; Saputra, Ilham Niawan; Soeharto, Setyawati; Rahman, Mohammad Saifur
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
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Abstract

Soluble ST2, is a protein which acts as a decoy receptor for interleukin-33, and served as biomarker associated with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH).  Few data exist in evaluating the effects of anti-hypertensive agents on the role-played form ST2 on regression of LVH. This study was designed to compare the effects of captopril and valsartan on blood pressures, plasma renin and soluble ST2 levels and regression of LVH in hypertensive mice models. Twenty-four male mice (Mus musculus L), were divided into four groups, namely aquadest/control, L-NAME, L-NAME + captopril and L-NAME + valsartan groups respectively. Mice blood pressures were measured on day 14th after induction with L-NAME extract 1.75 mg/25 g BW/day (pretreatment) and day 14th post treatment. Levels of plasma renin, sST2, and ventricular wall thicknesses reflecting LVHs, were measured on day 14th post treatment. Administration of L-NAME within 14 days resulted in making mice models to be hypertensive paralleled by an increase of Ventricular wall thickness. Treatment with captopril and valsartan lowered the blood pressures to normal level within the next 14 days. Valsartan and captopril treatment induced a significant decrease of plasma renin level. Valsartan, but not for captopril treatment prevented wall thickness increase (p < 0.05), while plasma sST2 was not able to mirroring this effect. Captopril and valsartan had similar effect in lowering plasma renin level and   blood pressure, but sST2 seems to be not involved in LVH regression obtained in hypertensive mice models after blocking renin-angiotensin system.
Potential of Wild Yeast from Banana to Control Colletotrichum musae Fungi Caused Anthracnose Disease and Its Short Antagonistic Mechanism Assay Muhibuddin, Anton; Sektiono, Antok Wahyu; Sholihah, Dewi Maratus
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum musae is one of several important disease in banana fruit. An effective, cheap, and safe control method are necessary as a postharvest disease control alternative. This research aimed to obtain and identify wild yeast from banana which was isolated from its peel that has antagonist ability effectively in controlling anthracnose disease of banana fruit.  This research was started with an isolation of C. musae and yeast from banana, followed by in vivo assay with count percentage antagonist level, slide culture, and in vivo assay to know pathogen incubation stage and incident disease level. The yeast that isolated from ambon variety was Candida sp. and Pichia sp. Metchnikowia sp. from kepok variety respectively.

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